THE CHURCH YEAR is divided up into six Seasons. These Seasons are different from the calendar seasons of Winter, Spring Summer, and Fall. Knowing the Church Year Seasons helps worshippers understand the focus, mood, and choices made for the Sunday services.
Briefly:
ADVENT: This is the first Season of the Church Year, consisting of the four Sundays before Christmas. It is a time of preparation and anticipation for the coming of our Savior. It is not a Christmas, or a pre-Christmas, season, but an anticipation of Christ's return to this world. It is a closely related to the season of Lent. The color is often blue or purple, symbolizing Christ's royalty. An Advent Wreath of four candles is often used to mark off the four Sundays of the season. Christians often worship together on Wednesday evenings in Advent. The mood of the season is slightly somber, a respectful state while awaiting the arrival of the King of Kings. The beginning of Advent changes, slightly from year to year, but often corresponds with the beginning of December.
CHRISTMAS: This is the second Season of the Church Year, consisting of Christmas Day, always on December 25, and lasting for one or two Sundays after. Christmas is the shortest Season of the Church Year. Its theme is the importance of God becoming a human being. The mood of the season is joyful. The color is white, for purity. A Christmas tree, with an angel on the top and lights throughout, is a picture of the angels announcing the birth of the Savior in Bethlehem. As a celebration, Christmas is a late arrival to the Church Year. The impression is that Christmas is the most important Season of the Church, but is a distant second or third to Easter.
LENT: Despite its somber mood, the word means "spring". Lent is comprised of the 40 days before Easter, not counting the Sundays. Why? Because Sunday is always a celebration of Easter because it is the day of the week that Jesus arose from the dead. Lent is a time to reflect upon our sin and our need for a Savior. The mood is subdued, like Advent, and is reflected in the choices of music and the themes of the Bible Readings and sermons. The color is purple or blue. Often, certain crosses in a church or covered or removed from the church during Lent, special words like "alleluia", are not used, and Christians meet for worship on Wednesday nights. The timing of Lent is determined by when Easter is celebrated.
Easter: The most important Season of the Church Year. It marks the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead and our hope in our resurrection on the Last Day. Easter is celebrated every Sunday, but once a year, (the first Sunday after the first full moon after the Spring equinox), the Christians highlight the event. The season of Easter is not one day, but last for several weeks.
Pentecost: This is the sixth and final season of the Church Year. It lasts from Spring and early sumer until the end of November. The color is green, for growth, and its theme focuses on God's gifts to the Church throughout the world and time.